Ore stamp mill



l J. W. VAN METER.

DRE STAMP MILL.

TION FILED FE 1,405,467; l l i Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

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ORE STAMP MILL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 23| 1921.

1,405,467, y Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

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OBE STAMP MILL. APPLICATION ILED P;B. 23, 1921.

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ORE SITAMVP MILL. APPLxcATloN FILED FEB.23, |921.

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Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

J. W`. VAN METER'. "ORE STAMP MILL.

APPLICATIONFILED FEB. 23, 192|.

Patented Feb.7,1922.

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A TTOR NE Y Urrea STATES Barn-r -f-srieC-E.

JAMES W. VAN METER, OF SAN FRANCISCOQGAJIFORNIA.

can sTAMr MILL.

Specication of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. '7, 1922.

Application led February 23, 1921. Serial No. 447,198.

- are crushed by a violent blow or impact.

Heretofore this operation, has been car- Y ried on by dropping heavy stamps within a mortar repeatedly until the material is reduced to the required iineness. I prefer the reverse operation of stamping ores and have found it more advantageous to lift or drive the mortar against a fixed stamp.

Attention is directed to United States Patents Numbers 1,353,096 and 1,353,097 issued to me on Sept. 14th, 1920.

One object of my invention is to provide a mill of the type described which will re- Y stamp mill partly in sect1on,'show1ng the duce ore to a given ineness with the minimum number of blows and which will scavenge the mortar of finely ground ore at once instead of permitting same to become impacted around particles not yet reduced.

is that it is possible to operate the mill withoutany ore or material in the mortar without danger of breakage.

In the embodiment of my invention here shown the lower extremity of the mortar is provided with a cylinder and piston and an expansive fuel charge is utilized to drive the cylinder and mortar (integrally formed) upward against a fixed stamp.

I employ two opposed cylinders in my mill, the one just described for the expansive fuel and-one as a counter balance or cushion chamber for the heavy mortar.

I utilize air pressure to give the necessary degree of compression of the fuel charge in the working chamber andafter the charge is expanded the force of the blow is augmented by admitting compressed air to the second chamber and this air is alsoiused to cushion the weight of the mortar on its return or downward stroke.

The lower extremity of the secondary or Another object `attained by my invention cushion chamber is used to retard or stop -the'upward movement'of' the mortar at a predetermined fixed point to prevent actual impact of the mortar against the fixed stamp and thus avoid breakage.

While the -stanip here shown is of the internal combustion engine type I do not limit myself to this type and it is obvious that steam, compressed air or yother suitable agency may be employed to drive the mortar. f

In this specification andthe 'annexed drawings, the invention is illustrated in the form considered to be the best, fbutit is to be understood that the invention is not limited to such form, because it may be embodied in other forms and it is alsor to be understood that in and by the claims following the description it is desired to cover the invention Ain whatever form it maybe embodied.'

In the accompanying 6 sheets of drawings: Fig. l is a front elevation of improved stamp; mill.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation Yof inyimproved mortar up in crushing position.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig.2 but showing the mortar in the down position, (taken on lino III-III of Fig. 7). I.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section view'of the explosion vcylinder within thev mortar showing the firing means. n

Fig. 5 is a view similar to v'Fig'.ll showing air passages and water cooling circulation, and the section is on a different plane.

Fig. 6 is'an arcuatey section taken on the line VI-VI of Fig.'8 showing the various valves for controlling compressed air.

Fig. 7 is a topl plan view vof Fig. l.v

Fig. 8 is a sectiontaken on the line VIII- VIII of Fig. 2. Y

Referring to the drawingsFigs. 1 and 2, the numeral l designates a stand or base to ywhich are secured, as "by bolts'2, upright arms or guides 3, l and 6. A mortar 7 is provided with three pairs loflugs 8 dis,- tributed circumf'erentially around the cute side thereof which said lugs are bored to forma 'sliding fit over rods 5 slidable in guides 3, 4 and 6 and make the mortar 7 reciproca-ble vertically thereon.

The upper extremities of therods flare reduced aspshown at 9, Fig. 3, and against the shoulder 11 formed thereby a sleeve 12 abuts.

An anvil or fixed stamp 13 is secured to said rods 5 by nuts 14 and washers 16. The vertical position of this anvil may be determined by the use of various lengths of sleeves 12.

The lower extremities of rods 5 are also reduced as shown at 17, Fig. 3, and secured against the'shoulders so formed is a base plate 18 held in position by nuts 19.

The base plate 18 is provided with an annular flange 21 which rests on a metal plate 20 which yin turn rests on a rubber cushion 22 in a sump in the stand.

1t will be seen that the stamp or anvil 13 is rigidly secured to the base plate 18 by rods 5 and'that these rods are held in vertical alinement by the arms 3, v4 and 6.

In Fig.V 3 1 show a central section of my device, the anvil or xed sta-mpV 13 is provided with a bore 23 which is flared at the top to facilitate the entry therethrough of Ore 24 to be crushed which drops into the mortar 7.

The mortar 7 is provided with an annular recess 26 which is of smaller area at the top than `at the bottom, for wedge engagement with a composite liner composed of vfour vertically tapered segments (but two of which are here shown at 27 and 27a). This segmental arrangement facilitates the assembly of the parts to form a wedge or interlocking engagement adapted to withstand repeated blows. i

A tapered die 28 is secured within the com osite liner by oppositely tapered woo en wedges 29.

The mortar 7 is chambered as shown at 31 above the mortar box and this chamber is deeper on one side than on the other as indicated by the dotted line 32. This chamber is drained by an orifice shown at 33, Fig. 5.

On the ledge formed between the chamber 31 and the mortar box and liner 27 rest an annular ore screen 34. This screen is held in place by a funnel shaped deiector 36 which acts as a splash to deflect the finely ground wet particles against the ore screen at a suitable angle.

As a precaution against water or ground ore fouling the rods 5, l provide an inverted funnel or flared ring 37 which rests against the dclector 36. Y

Referring now to Fig. 2, the mortar 7 is bored from the bottom to form a cylinder, 38 and a reduced bore constituting a cylinder 39v coaxial therewith extends farther into the mortar.

Reciprocable in these bores is a piston 41 which acts within the cylinder 39. This piston has a shoulder 42 which serves as a pis- 1 ton in the bore 38.

The bore or cylinder 38 is closed by a cylinder head 43 suitably secured to the casting of the morta-r and arranged to reciprocate therewith over the piston 41 as indicated at 44.

The piston 41 is securedto the base plate 18 by a bolt 46 the lhead of which is engaged in the boss 21 on the under side of said plate. The bolt extends through a bore in the base plate 18 and through the floor 47 of the hollow piston 41 in which position it is secured by wedge pins 48 and 49 which are inserted through the slots in the lower end of piston 41, and in the upper end of bolt 46, as vseen in Figures 2 and 3, but not further described. f

A. rubber ring or cushion 51 is provided in an annular recess in the under side of piston 42 to prevent direct contact of said piston with the cylinder head 43. i

The cylinder 39 is water jaclreted for circulation vas shown at 52.

At 58, 1 show an air compartment surrounding the cylinder 39 which communicates with the larger cylinder 38 through ports 59.

The air compartmentV 58 communicates through a vertical passage 61 in the mortar casting with an air reservoir or chamber 63.

A' piston 62 is secured at one end to the base 1 of the mill and at the other end slidably closes the passage 61.

IThis piston 62 is hollow and furnishes communication between the air compartment 58 and an air chamber 63 being connected thereto by a pipe 64 (Fig. 2).

In Fig. 5, at 66, T show a valve opening .outward from the air eompartment'58. A removable valve seat is shownA at 67. Into this is threaded a plug 68 which has a central bore for a guide for the valve stem and the threads serve to regulate the strength of an expansion spring 69 pressing against the valve 66.

A. port 71 allows the air to escape when the valve 66 is open.

For a purpose to be later described communication is made between the cylinder 38 and the air compartment 58 by spring pressed valves 72 and 73 controlling respectively air passages 74 and 76.

lVater is supplied to the water jacket through a flexible conduit 77 and finds its way through port 78, passage 79 and pipe 8l to a port 82 communicating with a `sump 83 in the mortar box of the mortar.

In Fig. 4, I show a spark plug at 84 in a passage 86 communicating with the cylinder ing cooling agent for cylindei" 39 and the warm water assists materially in the crushing of the ore particles.

The ore or material to be crushed is admitted through the bore 23 of the stationary anvil 13 and gravitates to the mortar box in the mortar 7.

lVhen the mortar is driven upwardly violently the ore is crushed between the mortar and thexed anvil, and the impact causes a splash of the water and the finely ground ore. This splash is upward in the space around the anvil.

When this splash encounters the deflector 36, which surrounds the anvil 7 the pulp is projected against the screen 34 at substanL tially a right angle thereto.

As the pulp leaves the screen on the outer wall it gravitates to the bottom of the surrounding chamber 31' from which it is t-aken from the mill through passage 33, Fig. 5.

Fig. 6 is an arcuate section on the line VI-VI of Fig. 8 and the plane is iiattened out to illustrate a series of parallel piston valves conti'olled or operated by the impact of the mortar. 'The numeral 88 indicates an inlet valve admitting explosive mixture to the explosion chamber or cylinder 39 through ports 89 and 91. The port 89 connects with flexible conduit 87, Fig. 1.

The valve 88 is of the piston type and is hollow. It also carries piston rings on itsV exterior surface to insure a sliding fit within a sleeve 102 which is also provided with packing rings 103. A renewable liner surrounds the parts so far'described and al rubvbei' cushion 107 is used at the top to cushion the impact of the piston valve.

The liner, cushion and piston valve are kept in place by a screw threaded cylinder head 104. l i

To reciprocate the mortar the air chamber 63 is charged with compressed air until the poppet valve 66 opens'. Y

An expansive mixture under pressure is admitted through a flexible tube 87 `(Fig. 1) and passes through valve 88 which valve, when in the position shown in Fig. 6, Vconnects passages 89 and 91.

' The mortar will start to rise as soon as sufficient pressure ofair is exert-ed to counterbalance the Weight of the mortar plus the vacuum created in cylinder 38 by piston 42.

Slidable in a bore 92, Fig. 6, is a valve 93 provided with a circumferential groove 94. The stem 96 of this valve slides in a plug 97 screw threaded into bore 92. This stem is provided with a passage 98 which conducts air from groove 9,4 to the atmosphere.

A rod 99 is secured at one end (shown at 100, Fig.` 1) to the base 1 of the mill and the upper threaded end is provided with an adjustable cap 101 against which the valve stem 96abuts when the mortar is down.

It will be seen that, by reason of this construction, when the mortar 7 is raised the valve 94 will remain stationary by reason of air pressure above in cylinder 92 and as the mortar 7 rises the valve 93 slides down in the bore 92. The adjustable cap 101 is set in a position allowing the air to pass yfrom valve chamber 92 into the upper end of chamber containing valve 88. f

A by-pass 108 connectsthe chamber 92 with the upper end of. cylinder containing valve 88. At 109 I show one end of a passage connecting the cylinder 92 with the air compartment 58. At 111 I show a by-pass for leakage of compressed air escaping from the valve chamber. Numeral 112 indicates a leakage groove and it communicates with the inside of the hollow valve by port 113. An outlet port for said hollow valve is shown at 114. At 116 I show a piston valve, the stein 117 of which slides through 'a plug 118 threaded into a valve chamber 119.

A Spring 121 normally supports the valve in the position shown in Fig. 6 but if airpressure is applied within cylinder 119 the spring 121 yields and the descending valve stem closes anelectrical circuit with a metal clip 122 which is suitably insulatedfrom the mortar.

A bypass 123 leads from the cylinder con- At 124 I show an exhaust valve similar in construction to the intakevalve 88. 126

indicates an exhaust cylinder. A lhollow piston 127 removes exhaust gases as the parts reciprocate.

The exhaust cylinder 126 connects with the explosion chamber 39 by means of ports 128 and 129. A leakage groove 131 feeds into a port 132 leading to the inteiior of the hollow exhaust valve an outlet for which is provided at 133.

At 134 I showfa valve chamber in which reciprocates a piston valve 136. The stem 137 of which is guided by a plug 138, threaded into the chamber 134. The piston valve 136 is formed with three circumferential grooves 137, 138 and 139. Theupper' and lower grooves (137 and 139) areconvnected with'the atmosphere by a center bore 141 inthe valve, while the central groove (138) is connected with the chamber 1345by andthe valve 136 for purposes hereinafter described. v

The counter bore 148 is closed by 153.

A stationary upstanding rod 154 is secured to the base 1 as shown in 1 and the upper' end is threaded and an adjustable cap 156 threaded thereon to engage the stem 137 of valve 136. I

A by-pass 157 connects the upper end ot valve chamber 134 with the air compartment 58.

A passage 158 connects the upper end oi"- the cylinder containing the exhaust valve 124 with the central portion of chamber 134.

The operation of my mill is as follows:

The air container 63 is charged with compressed air until poppet valve 66 opens. An explosive mixture under pressure is now admitted through flexible conduit 87. This mixture passes through valve 88 (ports 89, 91). The mortar will begin to ascend as soon as enough pressure is applied to counterbalance the weight olf the mortar plus the vacuum created by piston 42. As the mortar rises the valve 93 lowers. rlhe air passes from chamber 92 into the upper portion of intake valve (88) chamber, just before the rising` mortar uncovers ports 59 communicating with the air compartment 58.

The moment air enters the upper end of chamber 88 from chamber 92 the valve 88 is moved to its lower position closing ports 89, 91 thus-cutting off the supply ot explosive mixture to explosion chamber 39. At the same moment the air` which is in the upper part of valve chamber 88, will pass out through `by-pass 123 forcing piston 114 down and closing the electrica-l circuit with spark plug 84 thereon, ring the charge in explosion chamber 39. y

The mortar (now on its upward stroke) uncovers ports 59 in chamber 38 and the compressed air from the container 63 rushes in through piston 62, compartment 58, thus augmenting the force of' explosion in raising the mortar.

The impact of the upward blow causes the weight 143 (Fig. 6) to raise (being loosely slidable in chamber 144).

Air pressure in the upper part of chamber 134 will now force the piston 136 down and the oblique portion 152 of said piston displaces the balls 149 in the direction of weight 143 (now up) locking same.

As the valve 136 is driven down air from cylinder 134 passes through port 142 and groove 138 which now coincides with the opening of b, -pass 158. The compressed air now enters t ie top of the chamber containing exhaust valve 124, and forces said valve down throwing port 129 in connection with exhaust chamber 126, at which point the mortar will start to descend.

a plug As the mortar descends the air in the upper portion of chamber 36 will be forced back into the container 63.i Any excess air that may be drawn in by creating the vacuum from leakage will be blown out through valve 66.

rllhe descending mortar now brings Ythe stem 137 of valve 136 in contact ywith cap 156 on support rod 154 raising said valve in relation toits chamber allowing the air tion from explosive chamber 39 to exhaust.

126. rllhe air at the same time passes'out from the lower portion of chamber 124 through by-pass 133 into the lower portion of valve 88 through port 106. The valve 88 now rises admitting explosive mixture to the explosion chamber 39, air being displaced above piston 88 through lay-pass 108, and through .the center of valve stem 96.

The operation is now repeated.V

W hen the material to be crushed within the mortar box is exhausted the` cylinder head 43 encounters the rubber cushion 51 in piston 42. An .air .cushion is formed in this chamber lwhich retards the upward stroke and the rubber ring or cushion 51 is an auxiliary means for preventing direct contact between mortar and anvil.

One distinct advantage in my mill is the application of a vacuum to retard the rising mortar. By this means l am able to use a comparatively light construction and obtain results, such as better compression of the fuel charge, which would ordinarily require the use of a heavier mortar.

lt will be noted that l can vary the amount l. y

or vacuum used by varying the strength of the spring` controlling` the valves on the vacuum line. 1 1

It will also be noted that my mill is so constructed that, should the explosive fuel fail in operation, the cycles of operation will be carried on byccmpressed air.

l claim:

1. A crushing apparatus, comprising, in combination, a ixed anvil, a reciprocating mortar adapted to be driven upward toward said anvil, operating means for said mortar including` a rising and falling valve, a weight slidable in said mortar member, and adapted to be moved by the impact thereof, and means operated by the movement of said weight'adapted to aetuate a valve controlling said mortar.

2. A crushing appara-tus, comprising, in

combination, a fixed anvil, a reciprocating mortar adapted to lbe driven upward toward said anvil, said mortar having a box of greater area at the bottom than at the vtop, and having in said box an upward tapered die, upward tapered mortar lining segments surrounding said die, and downward tapered wedges between said members.

3. hi ore stamp mill comprising in combination a stand, guides on said stand, rods slidable on said guides, a iixed anvil secured to the upper ends of said rods, a base plate secured to the lower ends of said rods, a mortar slidably mounted 'on said rods between said anvil and said base plate, a piston'iixed to said'base plate and slidable in a chamber in said mortar, and means for causing an expansive mixture to repeatedly raise said mortar on said piston for the purpose of crushing material in said mortar against said anvil.

4. An ore stamp mill comprising a stand, guides on said stand, rods slidable on said guides, a fixed anvil secured to the upper ends of said rods, a base plate secured to the lower ends of said rods, a mortar slidablyv mounted on said rods between' said anvil and said base plate, a piston xed to said base plate and slidable in a chamber in said mortar, and means for causing an expansive mixture to repeatedly raise said mortar on said piston for the purpose of crushing material in said mortar against said anvil, said mortar having an auxiliary chamber therein, an auxiliary piston engaging said chamber and secured to said base plate, and means for creating a vacuum in said auxiliary chamber as the mortar rises to retard the movement thereof and thereby assist in the compression of the fuel charge.

5. An ore stamp mill comprising a stand, guides on said stand, rods slidable on said guides, a ixed anvil secured to the upper ends of said rods, a base plate secured to the lower ends of said rods, ,a mortar slidably mounted on said rods between said anvil and said base plate, a piston xed to saidbase plate and slidable in a chamber in said mortar, and means for causing an expansive mixture to repeatedly raise said mortar on said piston for the purpose of crushing material in said mortar against said anvil, said mortar having an auxiliary chamber therein, an auxiliary piston engaging said chamber and secured to said base plate, and means for creating a vacuum in said auxiliary chamber as the mortar rises to retard the movement thereof and thereby assist in the compression of the fuel charge, and means for releasing the said vacuum at a predetermined time to augment the force of the said expansive material.

6. An ore stamp mill, comprising a stand, guides on said stand,` rods slidable on said guides, a fixed anvil secured to the upper ends of said rods, a base plate secured to the lower ends of said rods, a mortar slidably mounted on said rodsbetween saidy said base plate and slidable in4 a. chamber in said mortar, and means for causin anexpansive mixture to repeatedly raise said' mortar on said piston for the purpose of crushing material in said mortar againstsaid' anvil, said 'mortar' having an auxiliary chamber therein,an auxiliary piston engag ing said chamber and secured to said base plate, and means for creating a vacuum vin said auxiliary chamber as the mortar rises to retard the movement thereof and thereby assist in the'compressio'n 4of the fuel charge, and means automatically operated byy the movement of the mortar for releasing the said vacuum at a predetermined time to augment the force of the said expansive material.

Y. An ore stamp mill comprising a stand, guides on said standfrods slidable on said guides, a xed anvil secured to the upperl ends of saidrods, ya base plate secured to the lower ends of said rods,^a mortar slidably mounted on said rods betweenv said anvil and said basel plate, a piston fixed to said' base plate and slidable in a chamber in-said mortar, and ]means for causing an expansive mixture to repeatedly raise said mortar'on said piston for the purpose of crushing material in said mortar against said anvil, said mortar having an auxiliary chamber therein, an auxiliary piston engaging said chamber and secured to said base plate, andmeans for creating a vacuum in said auxiliary chamber as the mortar rises to retard the movement thereof and thereby assist in the compression of the fuel charge, and means for VanvilV andsaid base plate, a piston fixed to releasing the said vacuum at a predetermined time to augment the force of the said expansive material, adjustable means for varying the degree of vacuum created in Said chamber.

8. A. crushing apparatus, comprising, in combination, a xed anvil, a reciprocating mortar having a chamber therein, and adapted to be driven upward toward said anvil, means employing an expansive mixture for so driving said mortar upward, a piston valve in said chamber, means for keeping said piston valve normally suspended in said chamber, and a member rigidly secured to a stationary part of the apparatus and positioned to encounter the saidv piston valve as the mortar descends, and adapted to thereby operate said valve.

9. An ore stamp mill comprising a stand, guides on said stand, rods slidable on said guides, a fixed anvil secured to the upper ends of said rods, a base plate secured to the lower ends of said rods, a mortar slidably mounted on said rods between said anvil and said base plate, a piston fixed to said base plate and slidable in a chamber in said mortar, and means for causing anexpansive Amixture to repeatedly raise said mortar on said piston for the purpose of crushing material in said mortar against said anvil, said mortar having an auxiliary chamber therein, an auxiliary piston engaging said chamber and secured to said base plate, and means for creating a vacuum in said auxiliary chamber as the mortar rises to retard the movement thereof and therebyy assist in the compression of the fuel charge, and variable means for determining the amount of vacuum so created.

10. In an ore stamp mill, a mortal' bed mounted forV upward striking movement, means to cause an expansive agent to impart impulsive upward movement to the mortar bed, and cushioning' means to progressively retard and to finally arrest the upward striking movement of the mortar bed.

Vll. In an ore stamp mill, a mortar bed mounted for upward striln'ng movement, means to cause an expansive agent to impart impulsive upward movement to the mortar bed, and air cushioning means to progressively retard and to finally arrest the upward striking movement of the mortar hed.

12. A piston, a mortar bed, -means to cause an expansive agent to repeatedly and impulsively raise the mortar bed on the piston, and means to cushion the descent of the mortar bed.

18. A piston, a mortar bed, means to cause an expansive agent to repeatedly and impulsively raise the mortar bed on the piston,l

and air cushioning means to control the descent of the mortar bed.

14. A piston, a mortar bed, means to cause an expansive agent to impulsively move the mortar bed on the piston, meansto create a partial vacuum behind the mortar bed as the latter impulsively moves and to thereby progressively retard the impulsive stroke thereof, means to break the partialvacuum at an instant during the impulsive vsively moves and to thereby progressively retard the impulsive stroke thereof, ,and means to break the partial vacuum at an instant during the impulsive stroke andv to hence permit final acceleration of such impulsive stroke.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JAMES WV. VAN METER. 

